Article 45: Provision for early childhood care and education to children below the age of six years

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6 questions in 13 of our papers cite Article 45. Try these from the free papers:

1. 1. Article 45, as substituted by the Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002, directs the State to endeavour to provide:

   A.free and compulsory education to all children of the age of six to fourteen years as a fundamental rightB.free and compulsory education for all children until they complete the age of fourteen yearsC.free legal aid to all children who are unable to secure justice for reasons of economic disabilityD.early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years
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2. 2. Consider the following statements about the Constitution (Eighty-sixth Amendment) Act, 2002: 1. It inserted Article 21A. 2. It substituted Article 45, which now deals with early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years. 3. It added clause (k) to Article 51A. Which of the statements given above is/are correct?

   A.1 and 3 onlyB.1, 2 and 3C.1 onlyD.1 and 2 only
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3. 3. Assertion (A): Article 21A guarantees free and compulsory education to all children from the age of six to eighteen years. Reason (R): Article 45 directs the State to endeavour to provide early childhood care and education for all children until they complete the age of six years.

   A.Both A and R are true, and R is the correct explanation of AB.Both A and R are true, but R is not the correct explanation of AC.A is true, but R is falseD.A is false, but R is true
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